New Life Insurance Rules Friendly for Policyholders
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The New rules on Life Insurance Products provides you with comprehensive protections and flexible options, ensuring that life insurance is accessible, transparent, and beneficial. The provisions are designed to put your interests first.
Introduction
Life insurance is one of the most important financial decisions you make in your life. It’s not just about protecting your loved ones financially; it’s also about making sure that you invest wisely and get the most out of your policy. However, understanding life insurance products can be overwhelming with the variety of terms, options, and processes involved. This is where the New Rules on Life Insurance Products, issued by the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) on 12-June-2024, holds importance.
These rules are a set of comprehensive guidelines that protects you by ensuring transparency, fair practices, and ease of access to information across all life insurance products. Let’s walk through what these new life insurance rules means for you and how it ensures your rights and protection.
- Transparent Customer Information Sheet (CIS)
One of the biggest challenges you face when buying insurance is understanding the fine print. Terms like “maturity benefits,” “premium charges,” and “policy loans” can be confusing. To make life easier for you, the new life insurance rules mandates that insurance companies provide a Customer Information Sheet (CIS) with every policy.
This sheet is like a simplified summary of your policy. It explains everything in clear, simple language — from the type of insurance you’re buying, to how much you’re covered for, to the exclusions and other benefits. It even includes information on how to file claims or reach out for grievance redressal if needed.
What does this mean for you?
- Clarity – The CIS provides key information about your policy in simple language, so you can easily understand what you’re signing up for.
- Peace of mind – Knowing your policy’s details helps prevent misunderstandings later on, especially when you need to claim benefits or check coverage.
- Benefit Illustrations: Know What You’re Getting
Wouldn’t it be great to know exactly how much you’ll get at the end of your policy term or in the unfortunate event of death? The new life insurance rules require insurance companies to provide a Benefit Illustration at the time of purchase. This is a personalised document that shows the benefits you can expect based on the premiums you pay.
For example, if you buy a policy that promises a sum assured of ₹10 lakhs, the benefit illustration will explain how this amount is calculated, any deductions (like administrative fees or mortality charges), and the conditions under which this sum will be paid. Both you and the insurance agent must sign this document, ensuring there’s no room for confusion.
What does this mean for you?
- Informed decisions – You’ll have a clear understanding of how much you’re entitled to, based on your premium and the type of policy you choose.
- Avoiding surprises – You won’t be caught off-guard by hidden charges or unexpected reductions in your benefits.
- Flexible Options and Key Features of Your Policy
The new rules on life insurance requires insurance companies to clearly list out all the key features of a policy. This includes survival benefits, death benefits, maturity benefits, policy loans, and other important options like partial withdrawals or top-ups.
Let’s say you purchase a life insurance policy with a maturity benefit. This means that if you survive the policy term, you’ll receive a lump sum at the end of the term. Alternatively, if something happens to you during the term, your nominee will receive the sum assured as a death benefit. These benefits must be clearly communicated to you when you purchase the policy.
Key options for you
- Partial withdrawals – If you have an emergency and need funds, some policies allow you to withdraw a portion of your money during the term.
- Settlement options – Instead of taking the maturity or death benefit as a lump sum, you can choose to receive it in instalments.
- Top-up facility – You can pay additional premiums over and above your regular premiums to increase your benefits.
What does this mean for you?
- Flexibility – You have the freedom to adjust your policy according to your changing needs.
- Comprehensive understanding – You know exactly what you’re entitled to, and how you can access funds during emergencies or after the policy term.
- Free-Look Period: Reconsider Your Purchase
Have you ever bought something only to later realise it wasn’t the right fit for you? Fortunately, the new life insurance rules offer you a safety net with a 30-day free-look period. This means after you receive your policy documents, you have 30 days to review the terms and conditions. If you find something you don’t agree with or feel that the policy isn’t suitable, you can cancel the policy and receive a refund of your premium (minus certain expenses like medical check-up fees).
What does this mean for you?
- Risk-free decision – You have a chance to thoroughly review the policy and back out if it doesn’t meet your expectations.
- Protection – This period ensures you’re not locked into a policy that you’re uncomfortable with.
- Nomination and Assignment: Ensuring Your Loved Ones Are Protected
The new life insurance rules make it easy for you to nominate someone who will receive the policy benefits in the event of your passing. It also gives you the flexibility to change the nominee during the policy term if your circumstances change.
Additionally, the policy can be assigned to someone else, either fully or partially. For example, you can assign your policy to a bank if you’ve taken a loan. In case of your demise, the bank would receive the benefits to settle the loan, and any remaining amount would go to your nominee.
What does this mean for you?
- Control – You can easily manage who benefits from your policy, ensuring that your loved ones are financially secure.
- Flexibility – You have the option to assign your policy for specific financial obligations, like loan repayment.
- Grace Period for Premium Payment
Life can be unpredictable, and sometimes, we may miss a premium payment. Thankfully, the new life insurance rules provide a grace period of 15 days (for monthly premiums) and 30 days (for quarterly, half-yearly, or annual premiums). During this period, your policy remains active, and you are still covered.
Let’s say you’re going through a tough financial period and can’t make your premium payment on time. The grace period ensures that your policy doesn’t lapse immediately, giving you some breathing room to catch up on payments.
What does this mean for you?
- Flexibility – You get extra time to make your payment without losing your coverage.
- Protection – Your policy remains in force during the grace period, so your family is still protected.
- Policy Contestability: Security After Three Years
One of the key protections offered by the new life insuranc rules is that no life insurance policy can be contested after three years from the date of issuance. This means that after your policy has been in force for three years, the insurance company cannot dispute it, even if there were inaccuracies or non-disclosures in the application.
What does this mean for you?
- Confidence – You can rest assured that after three years, your policy will not be invalidated or disputed.
- Security – Your beneficiaries are guaranteed the benefits, regardless of any potential issues that might have been overlooked during the application process.
- Paid-Up Value: Ensuring You Don’t Lose Out Completely
Let’s face it—sometimes, life throws us curveballs, and continuing to pay premiums may not always be possible. In such cases, it’s natural to worry about what will happen to your policy and the money you’ve already invested in it. This is where the paid-up value feature comes in, ensuring that your policy doesn’t go to waste if you’ve paid premiums for a certain number of years.
When you stop paying premiums after a specific period (usually three years for traditional life insurance policies), your policy doesn’t automatically lapse. Instead, it becomes a paid-up policy, meaning the sum assured is reduced based on the number of premiums you’ve paid. While the coverage amount will be lower, your family will still receive some benefit if something happens to you.
Paid-Up Value Calculation
Paid-Up Sum Assured = (Total Premiums Paid / Total Premiums Payable) × Sum Assured
For example, if you’ve paid premiums for 7 years on a 20-year policy with a sum assured of ₹10 lakhs, the paid-up sum assured will be-
(7/20) × ₹10,00,000 = ₹3,50,000
This ₹3.5 lakhs will be the reduced amount your family receives in case of your death after the policy becomes paid-up.
What does this mean for you?
- Partial coverage – You’ll still receive a reduced sum assured if you can no longer pay premiums, ensuring your family is partially protected.
- No loss of investment – Your paid-up policy allows you to retain some benefits instead of losing the policy entirely.
- Peace of mind – Even if your financial situation changes, your earlier contributions towards the policy are not wasted.
- Surrender Value: Getting a Cash Payout When You Need It
Life can sometimes put us in situations where we need immediate access to funds, and surrendering your life insurance policy may be one option. The new life insurance rules explain that when you surrender your policy after paying premiums for a certain number of years, you are entitled to a surrender value. This is the amount you’ll receive if you decide to terminate your policy before it matures.
The surrender value allows you to recoup some of your investment, though it’s usually lower than the premiums you’ve paid because of administrative and other charges. It’s important to know that while surrendering your policy might seem like a quick way to get cash, it also means losing out on the policy’s coverage and future benefits. So, it’s often considered a last-resort option.
Types of Surrender Value
- Guaranteed Surrender Value
This is the minimum amount you will receive if you surrender the policy. It’s calculated as a percentage of the total premiums paid (excluding premiums for riders or additional benefits).
Guaranteed Surrender Value = (Percentage of total premiums paid) – Surrender Charges
For example, if you’ve paid ₹5 lakhs in premiums and the guaranteed surrender value is 30%, you will receive ₹1.5 lakhs (minus any applicable charges).
- Special Surrender Value
In some cases, insurers may offer a higher payout depending on factors like the policy’s term, the sum assured, and the number of premiums paid. This is often referred to as the special surrender value, which is calculated based on the paid-up value and a surrender value factor determined by the insurer.
What does this mean for you?
- Access to funds – Surrendering your policy provides you with liquidity if you need cash urgently.
- Reduced value – Be aware that the surrender value will always be lower than the total premiums you’ve paid, so it’s important to consider this carefully.
- End of coverage – Once surrendered, your policy is terminated, and you lose all future benefits and protection.
- Balance Transfer Facility: Move to a Better Option
The new life insurance rules also provide the option of a balance transfer facility, similar to transferring a home loan or personal loan to another bank for better terms. If you’re unhappy with the service or other terms offered by your current insurance company, you can transfer the policy’s balance to another insurance company who offers better conditions.
This is especially useful if another insurance company offers lower premiums, better service, or a top-up loan that meets your needs. The new insurance company will take over your policy’s balance and allow you to continue with better terms.
What does this mean for you?
- Improved terms – You can switch to an insurer that offers better interest rates, premium structures, or service.
- Top-up option – Some insurers allow you to take a top-up loan when you transfer the policy, giving you access to additional funds.